American Express said it would neither use the global distribution systems firms' optional content programs nor charge "a majority" clients to cover costs of processing bookings through GDSs

--but declined to say why some clients would be exempt. Amex also added United to the list of carriers participating in its TravelBahn DS solution in which the travel management company, not the airline, foots the bill for reservation technology. It is presumed the carriers partially reimburse Amex in this scenario.